Canine News

Armero et al. (2024) reveal that population stratification complicates building reliable methylation-based biological age clocks in dogs.

Lord et al. (2024) argue for an evolutionary framework in canine behavioral genetics to uncover gene–environment interactions shaping behavior.

Björnerfeldt et al. (2007) highlight how poodles illustrate gene flow, domestication’s genomic effects, and the value of purebreds in research.

Bhadra (2011) explores how selective breeding shaped dogs’ skills and how their superior sense of smell may aid cancer detection.

Björnerfeldt et al. (2007) show how domestication and modern breeding drive unique genetic variation in dogs, boosting their role in disease research.

Binns et al. (1996) highlight genetic screening evidence that dogs originated from grey wolves, with breed diversity shaped by human selection.

Lorna and Raymond Coppinger present a new model of canine domestication, showing how self-domestication and human environments shaped modern dogs.

A Cold Spring Harbor study shows that selective breeding has enhanced canine diversity but also concentrated hereditary diseases, making screening essential.

A Science study finds breed ancestry is a poor predictor of dog behavior, with traits shaped by polygenic adaptation and environment.

Research shows dogs from adverse backgrounds develop altered OXTR and NR3C1 methylation, affecting cortisol regulation and attachment behavior.

Research shows canine OXTR gene polymorphisms differ from wolves and jackals, suggesting selection for social behavior during domestication.

Epigenetic changes in the oxytocin receptor gene (OXTR) are linked to dogs’ responses to threatening humans, highlighting oxytocin’s role in social behavior.

The PhyDo Project highlights how selective breeding shaped dog population structure and aids discovery of genetic variants behind traits and diseases.

This book provides a comprehensive guide to dog domestication, selective breeding, behavior, health care, and nutrition for lifelong well-being.

This study emphasizes how selective breeding shaped canine diversity, while recognizing dogs as independent social actors in human societies.

Using genomic and behavioral data from over 50,000 dogs, researchers uncovered 10 major genetic lineages linked to distinct behavioral traits.

Dogs descended from wolves tens of thousands of years ago, but modern selective breeding has shaped breeds, behaviors, and health risks.

Domestic dogs appeared in the Americas thousands of years ago, but their history is complex, involving hybridizations, cultural uses, and regional gaps in study.

Genome analysis reveals dogs carry 2–3% more harmful genetic variants than wolves, linked to domestication bottlenecks and selective sweeps.

Research suggests dog tail wagging may have evolved through domestication as either a by-product of tameness or direct human preference for rhythmic stimuli.

Research using CT scans of 159 dog breeds shows domestication reduced brain size, but breed function and life history traits had no effect.

Research reveals the evolutionary history of dogs, with Chinese Village Dogs offering unique insight into domestication and breed diversity.

When faced with an impossible task, cooperative dog breeds are more likely to seek human help by looking back compared to independent breeds.

Interviews with women revealed dog ownership reduces stress, strengthens social bonds, and enhances mental health, despite added responsibilities.

Research reveals dog owners perceive problematic behaviors through categories such as aggression, fear, disobedience, and loneliness.

Research shows perception biases tied to owner demographics shape how dog behaviors like barking or destruction are judged.

Researchers created a validated scale measuring dog owner parenting behaviors, showing strong links to dogs’ behavioral problems and wellbeing.

Owners reported reduced stress signs in dogs using new long-lasting pheromone devices, offering extended support in everyday stressful situations.

Research reveals that pet dogs are more likely to free trapped owners calling for help, showing signs of empathy-driven prosocial behavior.

A prison dog training study shows shelter dogs gain sociability and obedience skills while showing no signs of stress.

A Swedish study of 83 dogs shows relinquished dogs display short-term stress but can adapt well, forming close emotional ties with new owners.

A 2022 paper suggests creating a global canine biobank network to advance dementia and aging research, using dogs as natural models.

Food choices shape the gut microbiome of cats and dogs, influencing digestion, metabolism, and disease outcomes, according to a 2020 review.

Lactobacilli isolated from healthy dogs survived harsh gut-like conditions and inhibited pathogens, showing strong probiotic potential.

Research found that fermented milk containing milk phospholipids reduced gut imbalances and eased itching in dogs with allergic skin issues.

A Journal of Animal Science study showed that Bacillus coagulans improved stool firmness and supported gut health in dogs despite abrupt diet shifts.

A PLoS ONE study revealed that probiotics had limited influence on inflammasome gene expression in dogs with chronic enteropathy.

A Current Developments in Nutrition study showed probiotics produced small but significant gut microbiome changes in healthy dogs after 4 weeks.

A Food & Function study showed that probiotics improved gut microbial diversity and reduced harmful bacteria in dogs with diarrhoea over 60 days.

A Bulgarian Journal of Veterinary Medicine study isolated Enterococcus faecium from healthy dogs, confirming safety markers and identifying probiotic potential.

A Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences study shows microencapsulation enhances probiotic survival, boosts beneficial bacteria, and reduces fecal toxins in dogs.

A Microbiology Spectrum study reveals that dogs carrying ESBL-producing E. coli have altered gut microbiota and antimicrobial resistance gene profiles.

A Microbiology Spectrum study finds that probiotic strains Enterococcus faecium IDCC 2102 and Bifidobacterium lactis IDCC 4301 promote weight loss in obese dogs.

A mSystems study finds that dietary fiber sources significantly affect gut microbes and metabolites in dogs, revealing personalized nutrition effects.

A Journal of Animal Science study shows that daily supplementation with Bifidobacterium animalis CECT 8145, live or heat-killed, may benefit gut health and hormone balance in overweight dogs.

A review in the Journal of Animal Science emphasizes the importance of balancing omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids in dogs, with flaxseed and camelina oils offering sustainable alternatives to fish oil.

A review in Microorganisms highlights how probiotics benefit canine and feline gut health, though their exact mechanisms remain unclear.

Research in the Journal of Animal Science suggests daily inositol improves glucose regulation and interacts with inflammatory responses in overweight dogs.

A 2008 JAVMA study found dog owners often misunderstand child bite risks, with women and mothers showing greater awareness than men.

A 2022 Science study reveals that modern dog breeds are mainly defined by appearance, not behavior, which varies greatly among individuals.

A 2022 survey shows that many small-animal veterinarians feel poorly equipped to manage behavior problems in dogs, underscoring gaps in education.

A 2007 review concludes that capture–neuter–return programs for free-roaming dogs provide long-term, cost-effective rabies control and welfare benefits.

A 2023 study shows that humane certification in dog food allows owners to feel they are “caring” for both pets and farmed animals, while sustaining animal hierarchies.

A 2021 study shows inbreeding, body size, and extreme morphologies increase health problems in dog breeds.

A 2023 veterinary study found that personalized homemade diets with carefully selected ingredients can improve digestive health in dogs.

A 2015 BMC Veterinary Research study found that fluoxetine with behavior modification not only improved dogs’ separation anxiety but also their mood.

A 2025 Scientific Reports study shows gut microbiota composition relates to anxiety and aggression in dogs, with Blautia linked to anxious behavior.

A review in Agricultural Reviews explores psychiatric-like disorders in dogs and cats, linking genetics, early-life factors, and therapies.

A Frontiers in Allergy study found that scent-detection dogs achieved up to 90% accuracy in detecting stress-related VOCs in trauma survivors’ breath samples.

A Scientific Reports study found noise sensitivity in 32% of Finnish pet dogs, with strong breed differences and links between fear, aggression, and compulsive traits.

A 2023 Journal of Animal Science study tested the 13C-bicarbonate method in overweight dogs, showing diet type influenced weight loss speed but not hormone levels.

A 2016 study in PLoS ONE found that amylase gene copy number expansion in dogs reflects adaptation to starch-rich diets long after domestication.

Heys et al. (2023) found that enrichment feeding is linked to reduced food-seeking and improved behavior in dogs, though time demands limit wider use.

Rendón & Ramírez (2023) report that obesity in dogs, affecting up to 60% globally, is influenced by diet composition, feeding patterns, and exercise.

Raspa et al. (2023) found that dog food bowls used for wet food and made of metal harbored more bacteria, with dishwashers outperforming hand washing.

Fomina et al. (2022) review modern research showing that sleep hygiene is essential for pet dog welfare, with deprivation leading to stress and health risks.

Shih et al. (2019) show that neglect—poor care, food, shelter, or exercise—is the most common welfare concern in Queensland dogs.

Morel et al. (2024) highlight how fashion-driven breeding of hypertypes undermines the health, welfare, and longevity of purebred dogs and cats.

Burnett et al. (2022) report that UK households seek designer crossbreeds for perceived hypoallergenic traits, but such trends risk poor welfare outcomes.

Pongrácz & Dobos (2024) critically reviewed breed-comparison studies, urging hypothesis-driven sampling to achieve ecologically valid insights.

Braem et al. (2017) developed the Highly Sensitive Dog questionnaire, confirming sensory sensitivity as a distinct canine personality trait.

Ozcan et al. (2019) show breed choice is guided by adaptability, temperament, and function, with dog traits outweighing demographics.

González-Martínez et al. (2024) highlight that ADHD-like dogs display impulsivity, hyperactivity, and aggression, with links to serotonin and dopamine dysregulation.

Sealy et al. (2021) report that isolation rooms in UK schools strip children of curriculum access, physical activity, and social interaction, causing anger and despair.

Santos et al. (2020) surveyed 345 French dog breeders, showing that human contact is the main method used to reduce stress in bitches during peripartum.

Karpiński et al. (2021) reveal that stroking helps lower stress in dogs, with paw preference and sex influencing hormonal responses.

Rivera & Meyers-Manor (2024) reveal that dogs rarely display empathy-like behaviors toward strangers, suggesting owner presence is key.

Zapata et al. (2016) identified genetic loci tied to canine fear and aggression, with size-related genes also influencing behavior.

Lindig et al. (2020) reviewed studies on music enrichment and found that classical music has a calming effect on dogs in stressful settings.

Fisher & MacKay (2020) found that psychiatric service dog and search-and-rescue handlers often misinterpret or overlook subtle canine emotional signals.

Höglin et al. (2021) found that long-term stress in dogs is linked to their relationship with owners, with synchrony strongest in breeds selected for cooperation.

Johnson et al. (2020) emphasize early joint evaluation and discuss how nutrition and nutraceuticals support osteoarthritis management in dogs and cats.

Pedretti et al. (2023) show that dogs use sniffing, yawning, and nose-licking more in neutral than threatening encounters, signaling uncertainty rather than appeasement.

Belén et al. (2025) found dogs with idiopathic epilepsy fall into two profiles—cognitive decline or emotional issues—guiding better care strategies.

Ito et al. (2024) found evidence that humans and dogs cohabiting share gut bacteria, highlighting health implications for One Health.

Bryce et al. (2021) emphasize the need to integrate genetics, behavior, physiology, and ecology to advance canine science.

Belger & Bräuer (2018) reveal that dogs display metacognitive-like checking behaviors when uncertain, but with less flexibility than apes.

Grewal et al. (2020) show that domestic dogs’ cortical folding matches expectations for canids but displays more variability than wild counterparts.

Bhattacharjee et al. (2018) report that free-ranging dogs alter proximity and feeding responses based on human intentions, highlighting behavioral plasticity.

Dobos & Pongrácz (2023) reveal that cooperative working breeds adapt their detour speed after human demonstration, highlighting functional selection effects.

Pongrácz & Dobos (2025) found that ancestry-based clustering predicts dogs’ social learning ability, with utility breeds performing best in detour tasks.

Vuori et al. (2023) reported that feeding puppies raw meat diets, leftovers, or berries reduced later chronic enteropathy risk, unlike kibble feeding.

Craig (2019) reviewed reasons for raw feeding in pets, noting ancestral alignment, nutrient richness, and significant microbiota differences from kibble-fed dogs.

Algya et al. (2018) compared extruded, cooked, and raw diets in adult dogs, finding higher digestibility and gut microbiota shifts in non-extruded diets.

Puurunen et al. (2016) identified plasma metabolites associated with ADHD-like behaviors in German Shepherds, highlighting parallels with human ADHD biology.

Anturaniemi et al. (2020) compared raw and dry diets in Staffordshire Bull Terriers, finding differences in blood counts and nutrients, but most values stayed normal.

Benítez‐Burraco et al. (2021) hypothesize that interactions with dogs promoted human self-domestication and prosociality, shaping language complexity.

Benítez‐Burraco et al. (2020) propose that dog domestication and human self-domestication reinforced each other, promoting structural language evolution.

Ren et al. (2024) reveal disrupted human–dog interbrain synchrony in autism-model dogs, with LSD restoring social neural coupling.

Sexton et al. (2023) show that facial markings influence how expressive dogs appear, with plainer faces linked to clearer human–dog communication.

Siniscalchi et al. (2018) review highlights the complexity of dog communication, from body language to vocalizations, and its role in human–dog bonds.

Range & Virányi (2013) compared wolves and dogs in social learning tasks, finding both benefit from demonstrations but interpret human cues differently.

Siniscalchi et al. (2018) reviewed the full range of dog communication, showing how body, vocal, and scent signals adapt between dog–dog and dog–human interactions.

Ramírez et al. (2017) found that both clickers and voice markers required the same number of reinforcers to shape new dog behaviors, showing equivalent effectiveness.

Castro et al. (2020) found that aversive training increases stress signals, cortisol, and pessimistic outlooks in dogs, while reward-based methods support welfare.

Väätäjä et al. (2018) studied dog activity tracker use, showing they help owners monitor health and rest, increase attentiveness, and boost owner–dog happiness.

Mateos (2023) outlines a study on dog therapy for hospitalized children, predicting reduced anxiety and increased happiness after therapy dog sessions.

Merkouri et al. (2022) reveal that while close dog–owner bonds increase support and companionship, they may also coincide with poorer mental health outcomes.

Scott and Marston’s classic 1950 research identified critical periods in puppies’ social development, showing lasting effects on relationships with humans and dogs.

Sturdy et al. (2021) found that dogs obey commands less when pitch or timbre is altered alone, but respond normally to natural male or female voices.

Higaki et al. (2025) reveal that dogs’ ability to recognize words is strongly influenced by sound quality, with AIC devices performing poorest.

Hawkins et al. (2021) show that dog owners and those who believe in animal sentience are better at identifying canine happiness, improving welfare outcomes.

Yong & Ruffman (2016) found dogs and 7-month-old infants look longer at happy and angry human faces than at sad ones, revealing shared biases.

Racca et al. (2012) found that dogs display lateral gaze bias when viewing emotional faces, differing from 4-year-old children in processing cues.

Kis et al. (2017) used eye-tracking to reveal that oxytocin shapes dogs’ gaze toward human faces, altering attention to eyes across emotions.

Harvey (2021) identified rational chronological categories to study aging in dogs, aiding research comparability and owner education.

Bleuer-Elsner et al. (2019) found that dogs with ADHD-like behavior show distinct movement patterns detectable by computational video analysis.

Bray et al. (2021) reviewed best practices for selecting and enhancing working dogs, focusing on breeding, rearing, and training improvements.

Garrigues et al. (2022) reviewed how maternal, nutritional, and environmental influences shape gut microbiota in puppies, affecting health outcomes.

Dobos & Pongrácz (2023) found that cooperative working breeds improved detour task performance after human demonstration, unlike independent breeds.

Kolkmeyer et al. (2024) revealed that neutering male dogs correlates with increased stress and aggression, with intact dogs showing greater sociability and trainability.

Gerencsér et al. (2018) developed and validated the Canine Reward Responsiveness Scale, showing age- and breed-related differences in dogs’ motivation.

Azadian and Protopopova (2024) found that dog breed clades differ in learning and behavior, influenced by cooperativity and historical functions.

Junttila et al. (2022) tested over 1,000 dogs and found breed differences in social cognition, inhibitory control, and problem-solving ability.

Mathis et al. (2024) systematically reviewed studies on compression wraps for canine anxiety and found them safe but only minimally supported by evidence.

Grigg et al. (2021) reveal that dogs show clear stress signals to everyday household noises, but owners often misinterpret these reactions.

Raghy et al. (2023) review shows that sudden loud noises can trigger fear and phobic responses in dogs, affecting their welfare and behavior.

Donohue (2005) emphasizes that grieving pet owners often experience intense emotional and physical distress, requiring social work intervention.

Koskela et al. (2024) demonstrate that dogs and their owners share physiological and behavioral synchrony, deepening understanding of canine–human attachment.

McKenzie (2022) reviews molecular and cellular mechanisms of aging in dogs and cats, linking them to human and lab models to guide geroscience.

Topál et al. (2019) argue that dogs provide a promising translational model for autism spectrum disorder due to behavioral and neurobiological parallels.

Schütt et al. (2015) show that canine cognitive dysfunction is a progressive disorder with variable decline and that plasma Aβ42 may be a useful biomarker.

Nokay (2023) highlights that blending conventional dietary therapy with traditional Chinese food therapy may support cognition and quality of life in dogs with canine cognitive dysfunction.

Fan et al. (2023) review how antioxidants, anxiolytic compounds, and probiotics may reduce oxidative stress and improve well-being in stressed dogs and cats.

Olivindo et al. (2022) found that 7 of 8 canine obesity diets sold in Brazil lacked essential nutrients under energy restriction, urging careful veterinary oversight.

Reis et al. (2021) report that fermenting fava bean diets with Candida utilis improved glucose response and blood markers in dogs while avoiding cardiac risks.

Lin et al. (2023) report that premium kibble improved gut microbiome and liver enzyme profiles in dogs compared to grocery kibble, despite similar digestibility.

Geary et al. (2023) reveal that processing type significantly impacts nutrient digestibility, fecal quality, and metabolites in dogs fed raw, fresh, or extruded diets.

Gajanayake (2022) emphasizes that malnutrition in dogs and cats is under-recognized, calling for better assessment tools and nutritional interventions.

Durston (2022) highlights that dominance-driven views of dog behavior are flawed and risk welfare, stressing the importance of reward-based training.

Ly and Protopopova (2023) report that supported self-rehoming platforms can reduce shelter intake, with many owners ultimately keeping their pets.

Amaya et al. (2020) found that music, lavender, and dog appeasing pheromone reduced stress and increased rest in shelter dogs, improving welfare outcomes.

Brand et al. (2024) report nearly all UK “Pandemic Puppies” displayed problem behaviors by 21 months, with aversive training strongly linked to worse outcomes.

Jensen et al. (2020) found that 75% of dogs and 74% of cats were surrendered to shelters due to owner-related issues, not behavioral problems.

Winkle et al. (2020) propose standards to ensure therapy dogs’ welfare in clinical contexts, emphasizing humane selection, preparation, and ongoing evaluation.

Hill et al. (2023) found that therapy dogs involved in occupational therapy with autistic children maintained stable stress biomarkers, indicating no added burden.

Williams et al. (2024) developed “Paws on Campus,” a dog-assisted, co-produced program helping students manage mental health difficulties.

Ophorst et al. (2023) analyzed Dutch media, revealing a strong positive image of dogs but limited awareness of welfare concerns.

Yalcin & Batmaz (2007) surveyed 80 dogs in Bursa, Turkey, and found aggression ranked highest among behavior problems.

Yotanyamaneewong et al. (2025) showed that 15-minute canine-assisted interventions reduced stress and cortisol in Thai university students.

Bayram & Semen (2023) reviewed the neurobiology of canine aggression, linking hormones and neurotransmitters to behavior and treatment approaches.

Cunico et al. (2025) reviewed research on anxiety, depression, OCD, and PTSD in pets, stressing the need for better diagnostics and therapies.

Sacoor et al. (2024) review shows canine gut microbiota disruptions contribute to anxiety disorders, paving the way for microbial-based therapies.

Bennett et al. (2019) found that conservation scent dog studies often lack consistency in reporting performance, limiting cross-study comparisons.

Bird et al. (2020) found that dogs have a smaller cribriform plate than wolves, indicating reduced smell ability not recovered by selective breeding.

Cordoni & Palagi (2019) highlight how wolves’ cooperative skills, post-conflict strategies, and play provided the foundation for dog–human cooperation.

Berghänel et al. (2025) show that aggression by dominant dogs decreases as feeding group size grows, suggesting competition shifts from contest to scramble.

Stępniak et al. (2025) found that wolves react to domestic dog scent marks, suggesting dogs may disturb natural wolf communication systems.

Stępniak et al. (2023) reveal that dog scent marks inside wolf ranges provoke exploration and overmarking, suggesting dogs may disrupt wolf territorial signaling.

Coppin & Onofrio (2024) suggest dogs’ zoomies illustrate how sensory-rich, in-person interactions strengthen memory and learning compared to virtual meetings.

Bobrytska et al. (2024) describe how nervous and humoral systems regulate reproduction in female dogs, emphasizing progesterone’s role as a clinical biomarker.

Rajagopal et al. (2022) identified (E)-9-methyl-7-undecenoic acid as the most potent urinary pheromone signaling estrus in female Rajapalayam dogs.

Janssenswillen et al. (2021) show that dogs’ anal sac secretions contain odorant-binding proteins, linking them to an ancient mammalian communication system.

Kiełbik & Witkowska-Piłaszewicz (2024) highlight how gut dysbiosis may fuel canine behavioral issues and discuss microbiome-targeted therapies.

Salonen et al. (2020) found that nearly one-third of dogs show noise sensitivity, with clear breed-specific risks and comorbid anxiety traits.

Kryachko et al. (2021) report that Klim Pet supplementation eased stress symptoms, optimized metabolism, and improved dogs’ immune and nervous systems.

Vecchiato et al. (2022) reveal that raw meat-based diets for pets frequently lack essential nutrients and show high bacterial contamination.

Algya et al. (2018) show that lightly cooked and raw diets are highly palatable, improve nutrient digestibility, reduce triglycerides, and reshape dog gut microbiota.

Xu et al. (2021) reveal that switching dogs from kibble to raw diets moves their gut microbiota closer to wolves, but full convergence does not occur.

Pellowe et al. (2025) show that canine gut microbiota composition, particularly the genus Blautia, is associated with anxiety and aggression behaviors in dogs.

Mateos (2023) highlights that therapy dogs significantly lower anxiety and increase happiness in hospitalized children, suggesting global benefits for pediatric care.

Bibbo et al. (2019) found that service dogs not only support individuals with chronic conditions but also improve caregivers’ and family members’ emotional well-being.

Glintborg & Hansen (2017) showed that service dogs offer support for PTSD patients but poor integration with rehabilitation services limits effectiveness.

Maoz et al. (2021) demonstrated that a year-long dog-training program significantly reduced PTSD and depression symptoms in traumatized adolescents.

Porter et al. (2021) highlight the vital role of healthcare providers in determining whether veterans with PTSD may benefit from a service dog or an emotional support animal.

Sargisson & Mclean (2021) reviewed research on e-collar training, questioning methods and statistical analysis while highlighting welfare and policy implications.

Hasegawa et al. (2014) showed that dogs’ facial expressions and postures during training strongly relate to their learning success.

Stellato et al. (2019) found that a four-week desensitization and counter-conditioning program produced mild reductions in fear during veterinary visits.

McGrath et al. (2023) showed that small dogs require higher caloric intake per metabolic weight than medium and large dogs, regardless of age.

Zicker et al. (2012) found that DHA-rich fish oil in puppy diets enhances cognition, psychomotor skills, vision, and immunity.

Serpell & Duffy (2016) found that puppy-raising environments strongly shape aggression and fear in guide dogs at 12 months.

Kutsumi et al. (2013) found that puppy training classes improve obedience and social behavior, helping prevent future problems.

Glenk & Foltin (2021) review emphasizes welfare-related factors influencing therapy dogs in animal-assisted interventions.

Menor-Campos et al. (2023) review shows that positive human–dog relationships enhance canine welfare and support humans with special needs.

De Santis et al. (2024) review methods for assessing human–dog interaction in therapy contexts, highlighting structured tools and the dog’s perspective.

Diederich (2024) reviews how extreme breeding harms dog welfare and proposes reforms to curb excesses in modern breeding strategies.

Johnson & Wynne (2024) found U.S. dog owners mostly favor reward-based training but often revert to aversive methods for behavioral issues.

Polak-Passy et al. (2024) found that structured dog training interventions enhanced verbal and non-verbal social behaviors in autistic children.

Kujala et al. (2024) reveal that empathy enhances neural decoding accuracy when distinguishing emotional expressions of humans and dogs.

Bhadury & Bhattacharjee (2024) review how dogs communicate stress and social cues through body language, vocalizations, and environmental responses.

Malkani et al. (2024) used the Animal Welfare Assessment Grid (AWAG) and found aggression, fears, and predictability strongly predict behaviour problems in dogs.

Boardman & Farnworth (2022) report that while lockdown improved bonding, many adult dogs showed increased fear and aggression after restrictions ended.

Ephraim et al. (2022) show that foods enriched with polyphenols and omega-3 fatty acids modulate the gut microbiota and lower metabolites linked with anxiety.

Choi et al. (2017) show that cloned Beagle puppies display higher personality consistency in behavioral tests than non-cloned dogs, highlighting genetic influence.

O’Neill et al. (2022) reveal that Pugs face disproportionately high risks for breathing, eye, and skin disorders compared to other dogs, underscoring major welfare challenges.

Ayrosa et al. (2024) propose a paradigm shift in aggression research, reframing it as a complex social behavior shaped by environment, body, and human–dog relationships.

Ake & Kutsukake (2024) show that African painted dogs use appeasement-like signals to reduce aggression yet also monopolize food, blending cooperation with harassment.

McGuire et al. (2020) found that shelter evaluations and surrender reports often over-predict resource guarding, highlighting the adoptability of many flagged dogs.

Jacobs et al. (2018) found that canine behavior experts largely prefer “resource guarding” over “possessive aggression,” recommending consistent terminology for clarity.

Miller et al. (2019) found that underweight shelter dogs were not more likely to show food aggression, challenging assumptions about past starvation and aggression.