The history of dog breeding reflects a shift from functional roles such as hunting, guarding, and service to aesthetics and consumer demand for fashionable breeds. Menor-Campos (2024) critically examines this trend, emphasizing the ethical challenges it poses for canine welfare.
Key concerns include the rise of fad breeding, particularly the popularity of brachycephalic breeds prone to severe respiratory problems. Inbreeding has compounded genetic disorders, while overbreeding popular dogs contrasts starkly with the under-adoption of shelter animals. Cosmetic surgeries and the neglect of behavioral suitability in favor of physical traits also contribute to compromised health and quality of life.
The article highlights that these practices can negatively affect dogs’ emotional and cognitive well-being, manifesting in aggression, anxiety, and other behavioral issues. Moreover, the increasing demand for rare and exotic breeds has fueled illegal breeding practices, further endangering animal welfare.
Menor-Campos argues that a shift in responsibility is required across the canine ecosystem. Prospective owners must prioritize welfare over looks, veterinarians should advocate for evidence-based breeding standards, and kennel clubs and legislators must implement stricter policies to prevent unethical practices. The review ultimately calls for a rebalancing of breeding priorities to ensure healthier, more resilient, and emotionally well-adjusted dogs.
Source: Menor-Campos, D. J. (2024). Ethical Concerns about Fashionable Dog Breeding. Animals, 14. Published February 28, 2024.
