Environmental enrichment (EE) has long been recognized as a way to enhance the quality of life for animals in both domestic and professional settings. Hunt, Whiteside, and Prankel (2022) conducted a pilot study to assess the behavioural effects of different enrichment activities on training dogs housed in an office environment within an assistance dog charity.
The researchers tested seven enrichment activities: Bonding, Bubble machine, Conspecific play, Interactive toy, Playhouse, Stuffed food toy, and Tug play. Ten training dogs participated, with their behaviours monitored before and after exposure to each activity.
Results revealed clear benefits: EE activities led to a significant increase in relaxation behaviours (p < 0.01) and a reduction in stress and alert behaviours (p < 0.01 and p = 0.02, respectively). Interestingly, play-based activities, particularly Conspecific Play and Playhouse sessions, produced the strongest positive changes. In contrast, food-based enrichment such as stuffed toys and interactive feeders had the least behavioural impact.
These findings suggest that enrichment should not be viewed as a single entity but rather as a combination of different activity types, tailored to the individual dog’s needs. The study emphasizes the value of incorporating social and play opportunities alongside food-based tools, especially for working and training dogs who face structured routines.
For dog owners, trainers, and welfare organizations, the research underscores the importance of providing a diverse enrichment plan to support both emotional well-being and effective training outcomes.
Source: Hunt, R. L., Whiteside, H., & Prankel, S. (2022). Effects of Environmental Enrichment on Dog Behaviour: Pilot Study. Animals, 12. Published January 1, 2022.
