Behavioral disorders are among the leading reasons dogs are relinquished to shelters or euthanized. Understanding their roots is therefore crucial for prevention. Research increasingly points to the importance of early life experiences in shaping both behavioral outcomes and physiological resilience in dogs.
Dietz et al. (2018) reviewed the literature on how maternal care, attachment formation, and early socialization influence long-term behavior. Their findings reveal that disruptions or deficits in these areas can leave dogs more vulnerable to developing fear, aggression, or anxiety-based disorders. Conversely, strong maternal care, secure attachment, and structured socialization during the sensitive developmental window can foster resilience, adaptability, and healthier bonds with human caregivers.
The authors emphasize that the interplay between these factors is complex, influencing not only behavioral traits but also the stability of the dog–owner bond. They call for further research to establish clearer breeding and socialization guidelines, aiming to reduce the prevalence of behavioral disorders and improve dog welfare.
Source: Dietz, L., Arnold, A.-M. K., Goerlich-Jansson, V. C., & Vinke, C. (2018). The importance of early life experiences for the development of behavioural disorders in domestic dogs. Behaviour, 155, 83–114.
