Dogs are increasingly recognized as potential models for understanding Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Like in humans, ADHD-like symptoms in dogs include impulsivity, attention deficits, hyperactivity, and aggression. These behavioral issues can significantly impact both canine welfare and the quality of life for their caregivers.
According to Ángela González-Martínez, S. M. Miguel, and F. J. Diéguez, the root of ADHD-like behaviors lies in dysregulation of neurotransmitters such as serotonin and dopamine, combined with genetic and environmental influences. The review emphasizes that this condition is not only behavioral but also neurobiological in origin.
ADHD-like dogs may present with comorbidities, including compulsive behaviors, aggressiveness, inappropriate elimination, fearfulness, epilepsy, foreign body ingestion, and even chronic itchiness (pruritus). These overlapping conditions complicate diagnosis and treatment, making it crucial for veterinarians to consider a broad spectrum of symptoms.
Currently, there is no standardized veterinary diagnosis for ADHD-like behavior in dogs. However, validated behavioral questionnaires can provide useful guidance, though they cannot serve as a sole diagnostic tool. Treatment strategies involve a combination of approaches: medications such as fluoxetine, environmental enrichment, structured relaxation protocols, and behavior modification techniques.
This research underscores that ADHD-like behavior in dogs represents a complex interplay of biology and environment, with potential benefits for understanding ADHD in humans as well. By refining diagnosis and management, veterinarians and caregivers can help affected dogs achieve a better quality of life.
Source: González-Martínez, Á., Miguel, S. M., & Diéguez, F. J. (2024). New Advances in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder-like Dogs. Animals, 14. Authors: Ángela González-Martínez, S. M. Miguel, F. J. Diéguez. Publication Date: 2024-07-01. Journal: Animals.
