In a survey published in Animals, Vanessa Czerwinski and colleagues explored how Australian purebred dog breeders make breeding decisions, with a special focus on dam selection. The study gathered responses from 274 breeders representing 91 breeds across all Australian National Kennel Club groups, aiming to identify the main factors that influence breeding practices.
Four key components emerged as priorities for breeders: Maternal Care, Offspring Potential, Dam Temperament, and Dam Genetics and Health. However, these factors were valued differently depending on breed type. Breeders of brachycephalic breeds placed more emphasis on offspring potential and genetics, while those of other groups varied in how strongly they prioritized maternal behavior—a factor known to influence future puppy behavior and stress resilience.
Most respondents specialized in one breed and bred only a few litters per year, but there was considerable variability in health testing practices. Alarmingly, some breeders did not screen for breed-specific diseases such as hip dysplasia in Labrador Retrievers and German Shepherds. Only 24% of breeders used their own sires, suggesting that external breeding decisions may add complexity to maintaining genetic health standards.
The findings underline the need for education and standardized health protocols within the breeding community. By promoting consistent genetic screening and awareness of the dam’s behavioral influence, breeders can better ensure the physical and emotional wellbeing of their litters. The authors advocate for informed breeding strategies that balance aesthetics, performance, and welfare outcomes to improve the overall quality of life for future generations of dogs.
Source: Czerwinski, V., McArthur, M., Smith, B. P., Hynd, P., & Hazel, S. (2016). Selection of Breeding Stock among Australian Purebred Dog Breeders, with Particular Emphasis on the Dam. Animals, 6. Published November 1, 2016.
